Evolution Of Cellular Technology- 1G To 4G And Beyond

Abstract

This paper deals with the advancements in the wireless communication technologies and its evolution over the recent dynamic times. Cellular technologies have undergone a transition from a restricted local communication in the early stages to extremely fast global communication enabler. The First Generation provided basic voice communication limited within a particular region at relatively low speed. The Second Generation underwent a transformation with respect to speed, network security and inclusion of data services on a global platform. Third Generation provided better interoperability, focusing on cost and data rates, promoting communication over internet protocols, and backward compatibility. The Fourth Generation enhanced data rates with a wise use of spectrum, better roaming flexibility and user-friendly services. As the technology progressed, the affinity towards digital communication increased providing promising services with better longevity, dynamic technologies, and support to killer applications.